逻辑运算符

示例：

/**
 * LogicalOperatorsExample
 * @author chewing
 */
public class LogicalOperatorsExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 定义两个布尔变量
        boolean isRaining = true;
        boolean haveUmbrella = false;

        // 逻辑与（&&）
        boolean canGoOutside = isRaining && haveUmbrella;
        System.out.println("Can go outside without getting wet? " + canGoOutside); // 输出：false，因为没有雨伞

        // 短路逻辑与
        boolean willNotGetWet = !isRaining || haveUmbrella;
        System.out.println("Will not get wet going outside? " + willNotGetWet); // 输出：true，因为虽然没有雨伞，但是天没下雨

        // 逻辑或（||）
        boolean canStayDry = haveUmbrella || !isRaining;
        System.out.println("Can stay dry somehow? " + canStayDry); // 输出：true，因为或者有雨伞，或者天没下雨

        // 逻辑非（！）
        boolean isNotSunny = !isRaining;
        System.out.println("Is it not raining? " + isNotSunny); // 输出：false，因为正在下雨

        // 逻辑与和逻辑或结合
        int age = 25;
        boolean hasIDCard = true;
        boolean isWithParent = false;
        boolean canAttendParty = (age >= 18 && hasIDCard) || isWithParent; // 假设存在age, hasIDCard, isWithParent变量代表年龄是否大于等于18岁、是否有身份证以及是否由家长陪同
        System.out.println("Can attend the party? " + canAttendParty);
    }
}

结果：

Can go outside without getting wet? false
Will not get wet going outside? false
Can stay dry somehow? false
Is it not raining? false
Can attend the party? True

位运算符

位运算符是直接对整数类型（byte, short, int, long, char）的二进制位进行操作

示例：

/**
 * 位运算符案例
 * @author chewing
 * @time 2023-09-06
 */
public class BitwiseOperatorsExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 定义两个整数
        int target = 10; // 十进制：10，二进制：1010
        int factorial  = 5;  // 十进制：5，  二进制：0101

        // 按位与 (&)
        int bitwiseAndResult = target & factorial;
        System.out.println("Bitwise AND of " + target + " and " + factorial + " is: " + bitwiseAndResult); // 输出：0，因为1010 & 0101 = 0000

        // 按位或 (|)
        int bitwiseOrResult = target | factorial;
        System.out.println("Bitwise OR of " + target + " and " + factorial + " is: " + bitwiseOrResult); // 输出：15，因为1010 | 0101 = 1111

        // 按位异或 (^)
        int bitwiseXorResult = target ^ factorial;
        System.out.println("Bitwise XOR of " + target + " and " + factorial + " is: " + bitwiseXorResult); // 输出：15，因为1010 ^ 0101 = 1111

        // 左移运算符 (<<)
        int leftShiftResult = target << 1;
        System.out.println(target + " shifted left by 1 bit is: " + leftShiftResult); // 输出：20，因为1010 << 1 = 10100

        // 右移运算符 (>>)
        int rightShiftResult = target >> 1;
        System.out.println(target + " shifted right by 1 bit is: " + rightShiftResult); // 输出：5，因为1010 >> 1 = 010

        // 无符号右移运算符 (>>>)
        int unsignedRightShiftResult = -10 >>> 1; // 对负数使用无符号右移
        System.out.println("-10 shifted right (unsigned) by 1 bit is: " + unsignedRightShiftResult); // 输出：2147483643，因为11111111111111111111111111110110 >>> 1

        // 按位取反 (~)
        int bitwiseNotResult = ~target;
        System.out.println("Bitwise NOT of " + target + " is: " + bitwiseNotResult); // 输出：-11，因为~1010 = 11111111111111101111
        // 注意：Java中int类型的按位取反结果需要与int的最大值进行加1运算才能得到十进制表示的实际负数结果
    }
}

结果：

Bitwise AND of 10 and 5 is: 0
Bitwise OR of 10 and 5 is: 15
Bitwise XOR of 10 and 5 is: 15
10 shifted left by 1 bit is: 20
10 shifted right by 1 bit is: 5
-10 shifted right (unsigned) by 1 bit is: 2147483643
Bitwise NOT of 10 is: -11