java中三种xml解析详解（java xml解析一般用哪种方法）

java中比较常见的xml解析主要包括SAXParse、DomParse和Jdom三种，下面介绍具体使用方法。

一、DomParse解析

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

import org.w3c.dom.Element;

import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class DomParse {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

//获取工厂

DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();

//解析xml

Document doc = db.parse("src/com/sxt/day21/xml_base/ThreeKing.xml");

//根据名字获取所有的子标签集合

NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagName("hero");

for(int i = 0;i < nl.getLength();i++){

Node node = nl.item(i);

Element ele = (Element)node;

System.out.println(ele.getAttribute("name"));

System.out.println(ele.getTextContent());

}

}

}

二、SAXParse解析

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class SaxParse {

/*xml的解析:

*1.sax解析:

*优点:解析效率高

*缺点:解析步骤麻烦

*2.dom解析:

*优点:解析步骤明确简单

*缺点:浪费效率

*

*/

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

saxParse();

}

//sax解析

public static void saxParse() throws Exception{

//获取工厂对象

SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

//获取解析器对象

SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser();

//解析

MyHandler mh = new MyHandler();

sp.parse("src/com/sxt/day21/xml_base/ThreeKing.xml", mh);

List<Hero> list = mh.list;

for (Hero hero : list)

{

System.out.println(hero);

}

}

}

class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler{

List<Hero> list = new ArrayList<Hero>();

Hero hero;

@Override

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException

{

if("hero".equals(qName)){

String name = attributes.getValue("name");

String weapon = attributes.getValue("weapon");

hero = new Hero(name,weapon,null);

list.add(hero);

}

}

@Override

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException

{

if(hero!=null){

String str = new String(ch,start,length);//获取xml中的文本

hero.detail = str.trim();

hero = null;//在当前标签处理完成后,让hero不再指向当前标签的对象

}

}

}

class Hero{

String name;

String weapon;

String detail;

public Hero(String name, String weapon, String detail)

{

super();

this.name = name;

this.weapon = weapon;

this.detail = detail;

}

@Override

public String toString()

{

return "Hero [name=" + name + ", weapon=" + weapon + ", detail=" + detail + "]";

}

}

三、Jdom解析（属于第三方插件，需要导入jdom.jar）

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.util.List;

import org.jdom2.Document;

import org.jdom2.Element;

import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;

import org.jdom2.output.Format;

import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;

public class Jdom2Use {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception

{

write();

}

//使用jdom2解析xml

public static void parse() throws Exception{

//生成解析器对象

SAXBuilder sb = new SAXBuilder();

//解析xml

Document doc = sb.build("src/com/sxt/day21/xml_base/ThreeKing.xml");

//获取跟标签

Element ele = doc.getRootElement();

//获取所有子标签的集合

List<Element> list = ele.getChildren();//获取所有country的标签对象

for (Element element : list)

{

List<Element> child = element.getChildren();//获取当前country下的所有hero标签对象

for (Element element2 : child)

{

System.out.println(element2.getAttributeValue("name"));

System.out.println(element2.getText());

}

}

}

//写入xml

public static void write() throws IOException{

//建立Document对象

Document doc = new Document();

//指定根标签

Element root = new Element("DogInfo");

doc.setRootElement(root);

//建立其他标签并嵌入根标签

for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++)

{

Element ele = new Element("dog");

ele.setAttribute("name","dog"+i);

ele.setAttribute("age",i+2+"");

ele.setText("汪汪汪,是第"+i+"只");

root.addContent(ele);

}

//写出xml

XMLOutputter xo = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat());

OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("src/com/sxt/day21/jdom_stu/dog.xml");

xo.output(doc,os);

os.close();

}

}

对比总结：其中DomParse和SAXParse是jdk自带的解析方式，Jdom是第三方提供的插件。DomParse会解析所有的xml元素，而SAXParse可以通过重写DefaultHandler实现自己解析功能，因此效率较高。而Jdom的强大之处在于它不仅可以解析xml，还可以向xml中写入数据。

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